Did mine tonight.
Current ones are 288mm, changed 2 years/9k miles ago.
'new' 312mm are my friends old ones he changed a year ago, before changing them out 5 months later for tts brakes on his tt.
So they are comparatively similar in terms of wear. All I can say is do it. The 288s have a grabby feel to them that the 312mm don't. It's a much smoother brake from 30mph. Can't comment on motorway speeds etc, as this is based on the 5 mile journey home, but it was worth doing.
312 top, 288 bottom
288mm before removal (car jacked at this point, car ain't that high!)
312mm fitted
It was a 21mm bolt holding on the carrier btw.
Carrier part number from the tt was 3c0615125, but 5n0615125 will also fit.