I didnt even realise they made a 4WD version of the volvo.
It seems its a Haldex System, with electronically controlled viscous coupling shunting power to the rear when required, IE its FWD 99.9% of the time.
The S4 setup is a completely different setup, with power being delivered to all four wheels at all times.
The difference is that a Haldex car will handle and drive like a FWD car most of the time, with the 4WD only coming in when the front wheels slip. The S4 system means you've got proper 4WD all the time.
Subaru uses a transaxle with a centre diff, but its some kinda viscous coupled thing. Not really sure on the specifics, its not a Torsen, but is permenantly engaged.