Pumpe Duese (I think that's the correct spelling) i.e. the very high pressure pump injectors that are found on the 1.9 100, 115, 130 & 150 and 2.0 140 & 170 engines. 1.9 90 & 110 plus I believe the older 2.5 TDIs use a single distributor pump at much lower pressure.
On the PD engines the pressure is created by a camshaft driven pump for each cylinder. At the right moment, the injector is electronically activated. The new 2.0 170 engine uses piezo activation while the 1.9 and 2.0 PD engines use solenoids. The piezos give faster response time allowing better control of the fueling. The newer 2.5, 2.7 and 3.0 TDIs are all common rail with piezo injectors (I believe). No idea about the 4.2 in the A8 but since it's a recent engine I imagine it's also common rail with piezo injectors.
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